Breaking Down the Alarming Rise of Student Debt in Canada
- Written by
- Steven Brennan
- Edited by
- Michelle Bates
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Student debt in Canada is skyrocketing, and so is the cost of tuition fees, as more and more people recognize the importance of a higher education in securing a good job.
Here’s a quick shocker: In 2000, the average student debt for Canadian undergraduates hit $20,500, jumping up by a whopping 26.8%!
The big question is — is it all worth it? Let’s dive deeper into how student debt in Canada is really impacting the people.
In This Article
- Crisis Looming: Canadian Student Debt Stats for 2024 Revealed
- Who Exactly Is Taking Out All These Student Loans in Canada?
- What's Behind the Rise in Student Debt In Canada?
- How Student Debt Impacts Your Daily Life
- Good News: There are Alternatives to Student Debt
- Manage Your Student Debt with These Easy Steps
Crisis Looming: Canadian Student Debt Stats for 2024 Revealed
While the Canada Student Financial Assistance Program (CSFA) is there to help with grants and money lending, a lot of students end up leaning on credit cards and personal loans just to keep up with the increasing expenses.
Who Exactly Is Taking Out All These Student Loans in Canada?
Currently, about 625,000 individuals—most of them are undergrads and women—are racking up student debt in Canada. That’s every year!
Statistics Canada revealed that nearly half of all Master’s students (46%, to be precise) and over a third of doctoral candidates (36%) are graduating with debt.
It’s not just them, though. Around 49% of those in college-level programs, like diplomas or certificates, also finish their studies in the red.
According to the Canadian government, the majority—59%—of student loan holders are women.
So, which age group has the most debt? It’s those between 20 and 24 years old, making up 45% of borrowers.
What’s more alarming, 67% of the country’s student loan debt comes from just one province: Ontario.
How much is the student debt in Canada?
Student debt in Canada has hit the roof, soaring into the billions. In 2022 alone, the total student loan debt reached a staggering $23.5 billion. Furthermore, the Canada Student Financial Assistance Program (CSFA) tab is ballooning by $7 million every single day.
But that’s not the whole story. The Canadian Federation of Students points out that provincial and private bank loans could tack on another $5 to $8 billion to that already eye-watering total. Put it all together, and you’re looking at a potential grand total of over $30 billion in student debt across the country.
Curious about how long it takes to pay these off? The average student debt in Canada is cleared in about 9.5 years. That’s nearly a decade spent paying back the cost of an education!
Understanding the average cost of Canada’s university tuition
The average undergraduate degree in Canada costs about $6,834 per year. If you’re aiming for a graduate degree, you’re looking at around $7,437 annually.
Keep in mind, these prices can fluctuate significantly, depending on the program you choose.
Program | Undergraduate Program Fees / Year (CAD) |
Dentistry | $23,963 |
Medicine | $15,182 |
Veterinary Medicine | $14,838 |
Law | $13,222 |
Pharmacy | $12,291 |
Optometry | $10,389 |
It’s pretty obvious why degrees in medicine and law cost a pretty penny—they’re specialized fields that lead to high-paying careers. Here’s a fact worth noting —in Canada, postgraduates typically earn about one-third more than those with just an undergraduate degree.
Program | Post-Graduate Program Fees / Year (CAD) |
Executive MBA | $53,227 |
Regular MBA | $30,464 |
Business, Management, and Public Administration | $14,823 |
Dentistry | $13,223 |
Costs also highly depend on location. In Canada, it goes as follows:
Province | Average Undergraduate Tuition Costs / Year (CAD) | Average Post-Graduate Tuition Costs / Year (CAD) |
Nova Scotia | $9,328 | $10,591 |
Saskatchewan | $8,854 | $4,971 |
New Brunswick | $8,284 | $7,272 |
Ontario | $7,920 | $9,385 |
Alberta | $7,221 | $7,143 |
Prince Edward Island | $7,082 | $5,374 |
British Columbia | $6,256 | $9,994 |
Manitoba | $5,251 | $5,573 |
Yukon | $4,200 | N/A |
Newfoundland and Labrador | $3,400 | $3,759 |
Québec | $3,359 | $3,582 |
Regions with the most significant student loan debts
During the 2018/19 academic year, Ontario, Alberta, and British Columbia students took out the most significant loan amounts through the Canada Student Loan (CSL) program—approximately 88.07% of the total $3.57 billion.
Province | Total CSL Debt (CAD) |
Ontario | $2.3 billion |
Alberta | $503.3 million |
British Columbia | $344.2 million |
Nova Scotia | $127.3 million |
Saskatchewan | $102.2 million |
Manitoba | $70.7 million |
New Brunswick | $69.2 million |
Newfoundland and Labrador | $40.1 million |
Prince Edward Island | $15.8 million |
Yukon | $1.2 million |
What's Behind the Rise in Student Debt In Canada?
Let’s break it down:
Rising Tuition Fees
It’s no secret that tuition costs have been soaring, far outstripping the pace of inflation.
Over the last decade, while general prices rose by about 1.65%, tuition fees jumped by 3.7%. This steep increase means students are shouldering more debt than ever before.
Interest Rates on Loans
There’s been a significant shift recently. As of April 2023, the Canadian government stopped adding interest to federal student loans.
This means no new interest will pile up on existing loans. However, anything that built up before this date still needs to be cleared.
Also, different provinces can still set their own rules about this matter.
For instance, provinces like British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador don’t charge any interest at all.
Repayment Grace Period
After graduation, students typically have a six-month grace period before they need to start paying back their loans.
However, in some provinces, interest starts to accrue the moment you toss your graduation cap. These are:
Province | Interest Rate |
Ontario | Prime rate +1% |
Alberta | CIBC's prime rate, one-year interest-free |
Saskatchewan | Floating prime rate or fixed prime rate +2.5% |
Québec | Prime rate +0.5% |
Nunavut and Northwest Territories | Prime rate -1%, six months interest-free |
How Student Debt Impacts Your Daily Life
Carrying student debt around feels a bit like dragging a heavy suitcase everywhere you go. It’s not just about the monthly checks you write; it’s how these numbers sneak into nearly every corner of your life.
Let’s break down what that really looks like:
- Stretching every dollar: When you’re locked into strict repayment plans and facing those relentless interest rates, it feels like your wallet is always open. Saving up for the future? Tougher than it sounds. Big goals like owning a home or expanding the family start to feel a bit more like daydreams.
- Choosing your path: The amount you owe can boss around your career choices. Instead of chasing what you love or where you see yourself in ten years, you might find yourself chasing the paycheck. It’s pragmatic, sure, but not always what your heart wants.
- Keeping score with credit: Timely repayments are great for your credit score, but slip up, and it’s a whole different story. That score influences just about everything financial in your future, from buying that dream car to getting a mortgage.
- Handling the stress: It’s not just your pocket that feels the pinch; your mind does, too. The ongoing worry about debts can lead to a real mental health slog, stirring up anxiety and making it harder to find your Zen.
Good News: There are Alternatives to Student Debt
It might seem like taking on a student loan is the only way forward. However, it turns out there are some other routes that might not only save you some stress but could keep your bank account happier, too.
Scholarships, Grants, and Bursaries
First off, let’s talk free money (because who doesn’t love that?).
Scholarships aren’t just for the valedictorians or the sports stars; they’re for anyone willing to put in the application effort.
Then there are bursaries, which are like a helping hand for those who really need it, looking at your financial situation rather than how many goals you scored last season.
And don’t overlook grants — thanks to the CSFA program, applying for these doesn’t have to be a headache. They factor in everything from what your family earns to how long you’ll be hitting the books.
Part-Time Jobs
Part-time jobs might not be glamorous, but they keep you afloat and chip away at those future loan payments.
Work-Study Programs
Did you know places like the University of Toronto let you work right where you study? Yep, you can log up to 20 hours a week in roles that might have you running lab experiments or managing office files—real work experience, and you’re earning, too.
Internships
While not all internships pay in cash (sad, but true), they do pay off in experience. Diving into an internship can beef up your resume and give you a serious leg up in your future job hunts.
Manage Your Student Debt with These Easy Steps
Juggling student debt is no small task. Believe it or not, it can be manageable with some smart planning and a realistic look at your finances.
Here’s how you can handle your student loans without losing your sanity:
- Know What You Owe – It might sound obvious, but start by nailing down exactly how much you owe and to whom. Mixing up private and government loans? Get it all straight, so there are no surprises later.
- Wise Up on Credit Cards – While we’re talking plastic, it’s worth mentioning that the best student credit card can actually work in your favour if you use it wisely. It’s all about knowing which cards offer the best benefits without tempting you to overspend.
- Explore Every Avenue – Before you even make your first payment, take a deep dive into any financial aid that might cut down on what you owe. Scholarships, bursaries, repayment grants, and loan forgiveness programs are all on the table—both provincial and federal.
- Ask for Help – Remember, there’s no shame in seeking advice. Financial counsellors can offer invaluable insights, and hey, sometimes, just talking it out with someone who knows their stuff can make a huge difference.
Steven Brennan
Steven is a finance content writer based in Vancouver, B.C. He enjoys writing about many aspects of personal finance, including credit, loans, banking, and investments.